|
|
|
VirtualBox Ubuntu 20.04 VM |
|
|
\ No newline at end of file |
|
|
|
# Gean4 Virtual Machine
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For this tutorial we prepare virtual machines with preinstalled Geant4 and Root. We have created [VirtualBox](https://www.virtualbox.org) VM running Ubuntu 20.04 Server.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you planed to run VirtualBox in Windows look into [Installation on Windows](Win10 Installation) before you start.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Virtual Machine
|
|
|
|
* Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Server installation.
|
|
|
|
* 2 Gb of memory, 40 Gb disk, nat network.
|
|
|
|
* OpenSSH-server running.
|
|
|
|
* Geant4 10.6.2 and Root 6.22/02 preinstalled.
|
|
|
|
* build-essential, curl, gnu g++, git and cmake packages.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The file _g4vm-ubuntu-20.ova_ for VirtualBox
|
|
|
|
can be downloaded from LLR owncloud server, following above link:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
https://llrbox.in2p3.fr/owncloud/index.php/s/V2ESxh1Wrc74Czt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can open this link in browser or use _curl_ or _wget_ with direct download link
|
|
|
|
https://llrbox.in2p3.fr/owncloud/index.php/s/V2ESxh1Wrc74Czt/download
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This is full virtual machine imported from VirtualBox running on Ubuntu 18.04 nn OVF 2.0 format. Open Virtualization Format (OVF) is a packaging format for virtual appliances.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## VirtualBox installation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You will need Oracle VirtualBox application run this virtual machine.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can download VirtualBox for you software platform
|
|
|
|
from https://www.virtualbox.org . It can run on must Linux distributions, MacOS and Windows.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you want to install Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pack read
|
|
|
|
VirtualBox Personal Use and Evaluation License (PUEL).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can found more information in VirtualBox User Manual.
|
|
|
|
https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/UserManual.html
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Installation g4vm guest into VirtualBox
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can import .ova file using VirtualBox Gui:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. Open Virtualbox and go to _File_ | _Import Appliance_.
|
|
|
|
Browse the .ovf file you just downloaded.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2. In the next window, you can see the virtual machine settings. You may change some settings here. For example you may want to allocate more RAM
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3. Click _Import_ to start the import process. In few minutes, Virtualbox will create a new virtual machine with the settings you specified
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
From command line you can use command for import:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
`$ VBoxManage import g4vm-ubuntu-20.ova`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## More VM customisation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can use VirtualBox Gui to make additional modifications in VM
|
|
|
|
You can add disk, shared points, network interfaces, etc selection
|
|
|
|
The machine in left side of gui window and pressing <Settings> button.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You also can use `VBoxManage modifyvm ...` command to change VM settings.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Running installed Geant4 VM
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The machine was installed with help of HashiCorp Vagrant application https://www.vagrantup.com/ . The vagrant box _ubuntu/focal64_ used as base of this server.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Machine prepared to run as headless server, no Gui installed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can run machine from terminal
|
|
|
|
`$ VBoxManager stratum g4vm-ubuntu-20 -type headless`
|
|
|
|
and login to VM with ssh:
|
|
|
|
`ssh -X -p 2222 vagrant@localhost` .
|
|
|
|
On MacOS you need use -Y because xauth not present
|
|
|
|
`ssh -Y -p 2222 vagrant@localhost` .
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Only one user defined on machine `vagrant` with _vagrant_ as password.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To avoid clashes with ssh server on host machine, ssh port (22) of virtual
|
|
|
|
machine was remapped to local port 2222 on host machine.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can start vm from VirtualBox Gui , but you will see only terminal prompt and you will not able to run X11 applications.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you want install X11 desktop you need use the command `tasksel`.
|
|
|
|
Without parameters `tassel` show list of tasks in curses windows and allow you select tasks to execute.
|
|
|
|
You can also use `tassel --list-tasks` to see list.
|
|
|
|
I tested gnome desktop installation with command:
|
|
|
|
`sudo tassel install ubuntu-desktop-minimal`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Now you you reboot the machine you will see virtual machine windoww ith gnome chooser.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Tests
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In vagrant home directory you can see the file _setup_env.sh_,
|
|
|
|
You need source this file before starting wot with Geant4 or root.
|
|
|
|
`. setup_env.sh`
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can look into [Installation Ubuntu 20.04](Ubuntu Installation) to see haw you can test Geant4 and Root.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Tips
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- ubuntu
|
|
|
|
-- use _sudo_ to run commands as root user, `sudo -I` start root login shell.
|
|
|
|
-- use `apt update`; `apt upgrade` before installing additional software.
|
|
|
|
-- you can use the command user add to add new user to vm.
|
|
|
|
e.g. I add my account executing following command as root ( sudo -i )
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
useradd -m -N -c "Igor Semeniouk" semenjuk
|
|
|
|
usermod -G adm,cdrom,sudo,dip,plugdev,netdev semenjuk
|
|
|
|
usermod -s /bin/bash semenjuk
|
|
|
|
passwd semenjuk
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
- geant4
|
|
|
|
- you check the geant4 datasets installations using command:
|
|
|
|
`geant4-config --check-datasets`
|
|
|
|
- `geant4-config --help` also show geant4 features ( configuration options )
|
|
|
|
Visit geant4 installation Gide for info:
|
|
|
|
http://geant4-userdoc.web.cern.ch/geant4-userdoc/UsersGuides/InstallationGuide/html/
|
|
|
|
- zsh
|
|
|
|
- if you use zsh you need use .zprofile on place of .bash_profile
|
|
|
|
- use *source* not a *.* to source setup scripts
|
|
|
|
|
